Autism and Mental Health: 7 Things You Need to Know
Many children with autism also experience co-existing mental health conditions like ADHD, anxiety, or depression. In fact, as many as 80% of children with autism face these additional challenges. Understanding this connection is important for parents, as early awareness can make a big difference in getting the right care.
Here’s what you need to know, with expertise from child and adolescent psychiatrist Melissa Hendriks, M.D., and pediatrician Tisa Johnson-Hooper, M.D., Medical Director, both from Henry Ford Health’s Center for Autism and Disabilities.
Want more? Read a longer version (with more tips!) here.
1. Mental health conditions appear earlier
Children with autism often receive therapeutic care early, like Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) or other forms of behavioral therapy, which means their mental health is already being monitored. This allows for quicker identification of any mental health issues compared to other children. ADHD, for example, often shows up in the early elementary years, around age 7, but for children with autism, these signs can appear even sooner.
2. Autism isn’t a mental health condition, but they can go hand-in-hand
While autism itself isn’t a mental health condition, many children with autism may develop mental health issues alongside it. Sometimes it’s easy to attribute all behaviors to autism, but it’s important for parents to be aware of other potential conditions like ADHD, anxiety or depression.
“Kids with autism are at a higher risk for co-occurring behavioral health diagnoses, so it’s important to be intentional about screening throughout childhood,” says Dr. Johnson-Hooper.
3. Get to the root of behavioral health
When a child with autism shows concerning behaviors, it can be difficult to figure out what’s causing them. Is your child having trouble focusing in class because of sensory issues, or is it ADHD? “All behavior is an attempt to communicate,” says Dr. Hendriks, and it’s important for parents and healthcare providers to work together to figure out the “why” behind behaviors.
4. How to spot early warning signs
Pay close attention to changes in your child’s behavior. Are they suddenly not sleeping well, becoming more irritable or showing a loss of appetite? These changes could be signals that something else is going on. Look for differences in mood or behavior at home compared to school, and talk to teachers, coaches, or therapists about what they’re seeing. Physical symptoms, like frequent stomach aches or headaches without a clear medical cause, can also be signs of underlying stress or anxiety.
5. What to do
If you notice changes, start by talking to your child and visiting their pediatrician. This can help rule out medical issues and determine if your child would benefit from a mental health referral. Early diagnosis and treatment are key to better outcomes, so seeking support sooner rather than later can make a big difference.
It’s important to remember that every child is unique, and there’s no one-size-fits-all approach to treatment. Depending on your child’s needs, they may benefit from a variety of interventions. Dr. Johnson-Hooper recommends working closely with healthcare providers to find what’s best for your child’s age and development.
6. Lifestyle habits matter
Don’t overlook the basics like sleep, diet and exercise. “If your child is sleep deprived, you’re more likely to see behavioral concerns like hyperactivity or impulsivity,” says Dr. Johnson-Hooper. A balanced diet and regular exercise also play important roles in supporting your child’s overall well-being.
7. Reduce stigma
Mental health often carries stigma, and some families might feel unsure about addressing these concerns. But don’t let fear prevent you from seeking help. Dr. Johnson-Hooper encourages parents to seek out culturally competent support, if needed, and to ask their child’s doctor for local resources.
Above all, trust your instincts. You know your child best, so if something doesn’t feel right, don’t hesitate to speak up and ask for help.
